Professional dominatrix Madelaine Thomas embodies not at all your typical tech founder. After repeated instances of clients leaking her intimate photographs, she felt "sufficiently outraged to do something about it" and looked to tech solutions for answers.
"These were striking images, I'm unapologetic of the pictures, I'm embarrassed of the way that they were weaponized by someone who I don't know," stated Madelaine.
Just over a year after founding her company, Image Angel, which uses invisible forensic watermarking to track perpetrators, has won several awards and was recommended as best practice in an independent pornography review recently.
This represents quite a departure from her background in providing BDSM services, working with clients in the realms of kink and bondage.
The non-consensual sharing of private images, often referred to as image-based abuse, is a criminal offence with offenders facing up to two years in prison.
It is far from an issue uniquely experienced by those in the sex industry. A report indicates that approximately 1.42% of the women in the UK is affected by this form of abuse each year.
Madelaine, thirty-seven, explained victims endured shame and stigma. "In my view a lot of people will say, 'you shared a saucy picture out on the internet, what do you expect?'," she said.
"I expect respect, I expect respect, and I expect confidence, and I don't see why those are negotiable," she added. "The reality that those images could be subsequently distributed in my community or with people I love and used to hurt them, that's unacceptable, that's not a decision I made, that's not my mistake, that's an individual committing abuse."
Madelaine has been practicing as a professional dominatrix, primarily online, for 10 years and always found her work empowering and fulfilling. "I am as a dominant woman, a woman who is confident and powerful, offering my body as a treat to someone because I wish to," she described.
"People think it's unusual but I don't see it any differently to a personal trainer or an financial advisor giving advice," she remarked.
She embraces being a unique figure in the world of tech. "I know that it's bizarre, it's crazy to think that someone who was a dominatrix is now a founder of a technology firm, but it required someone who has experienced it firsthand to know the loopholes and the modifications that needed to happen," she stated.
She insisted she was not in the least bit techy and was managed to build her company after a lot of late nights, research and "consulting experts" who understand tech.
Image Angel can be implemented on any digital service where people exchange photos, for instance social connection apps, social networks and online sites.
When an image is accessed by a viewer, it is seamlessly tagged with an undetectable digital marker which is unique to them.
This covert marker is encoded within the digital file of the image itself and can survive screenshots, being edited and being re-captured with a secondary device.
It means that if you find out your image has been circulated non-consensually, providing the platform you used has the technology embedded, the viewer's details will be hidden within the image and can be extracted by a data recovery specialist so legal steps can follow.
To date, one service has implemented her tech and she's in talks with several more.
"This technology is already in use in the film industry, it is employed in sports broadcasting so this is not brand new technology, it's just a novel use and a different framework," explained Madelaine.
"And we've tested it, we're partnering with a firm that has 30 years experience in tech development so we know that this is reliable and what we now need to do is test it at scale," she continued.
She said she hoped the technology would also act as a deterrent to would-be perpetrators.
An expert from a leading helpline commented she had seen directly the trauma and guilt this abuse caused for victims.
"If that self-blame is compounded by a misinformed friend or professional who says 'what did you expect?' that guilt can really be reinforced so it's crucial that the response somebody is provided with is that they have committed no error," she emphasized.
She added it was fantastic that Madelaine was using her experience to bring about change, adding: "It is really important to have this comprehensive strategy towards tackling tech facilitated gender-based abuse, because no one tool is going to be able to solve this problem, no one helpline, it needs to be this multi-layered response."
TV presenter Jess Davies was only fifteen when photographs of her in her underwear were shared around her town. It was the beginning of multiple violations Jess experienced in her teens and 20s that would later shape her women's rights campaigning.
"It required years, too long for someone to tell me, 'you are not to blame' and 'that shouldn't have happened'," recalled Jess.
She too is dedicated to removing the stigma of intimate image abuse from the survivors to the perpetrators. "There is no offence to willingly share an photo to someone," stated Jess.
"However, it is illegal to circulate that non-consensually and I think that should always be where the responsibility is," she concluded.
A tech journalist and gaming enthusiast with over a decade of experience covering digital trends and innovations.